Showing posts with label planning. Show all posts
Showing posts with label planning. Show all posts

The Regional City Review

The Regional City
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The Regional City ReviewThis is yet another book on a New Urbanist idea.
This one describes the idea of transit oriented communties. These are relatively dense planned communities that try to maintain what is seen as the essentials of small community life.
The density and distribution of these communities make them amenable to public transport. However more emphasis is placed on the development of community. Shopping facilities are centralized and made accessible to pedestrians. Public buildings and public space like squares are made central to the life of the community. The public buildings are given distinguished architecture to show their importance to the community. The public park or square is placed at the hub of planned pedestrian traffic to provide a place for unplanned meetings and interactions.
As it is this soert of community will probably work. The idea of the public square at a transportation crossroads as a means to creatre interaction is straight out of Bill Hillier's seminal work 'Space is the machine.' With proper attention to the principles presented by Hillier, there is no reason why a community designed in the way advocated here cannot produce the types of interactions advocated within this book.
However the book does not go far enough to truly identify what these principles are or even to state clearly and directly what basic principles are guiding the plans that it advocates. It would be possible to create developments that follow the plans described here that would work against the outcomes that it is advocating. Hillier's book, in its analysis of some modern housing estates based on similar goals, demosntrates this.
Yet there is something fundamentally wrong with this book. It is a basic statement of architectural determinism. Traditional suburbs are blamed for all problems in society from environmental pollution to school shootings and possibly even to asteroid impacts causing mass extinctions. There seems to be nothing wrong in society that is not the fault of suburbs and that cannot be fixed by these pedestrian-based communities.
The author acknowleges that the autonomy and privacy provided by the suburban form is attractive to many. He even states that his suggested community form is not antithetical to it. However following that one statement the remainder of the book is a jerimiad against suburban life. Privacy and autonomy references are replaced with descriptions of isolation and alienation.
The book would be more convincing if it remained an advocacy for its desired form. There is no doubt that this form if designed properly can foster the close community life that many people find very attractive. However not all people are attracted to this sort of life. Many people prefer the social autonomy that is provided to them in suburbs. With modern communication mechanisms like the telephone, Email, automobile etc, they can maintain multiple social netowkrs each with the social distance that they find comfortable. They are not forced to interact with a neighbor that they do not care for simply because his residence is nearby.
All in all this is a good book for its purpose. The unfortunate blathering about the short comings of suburbs distracts from its main purpsoe and weakens its argument. However many will find the small community life presented here very attractive.
It is worth reading despite these handicaps.The Regional City Overview

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Nurturing Dreams: Collected Essays on Architecture and the City Review

Nurturing Dreams: Collected Essays on Architecture and the City
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Nurturing Dreams: Collected Essays on Architecture and the City ReviewBased on Maki, the book covers primarily two things.
1. contemporary city.
2. modernist philosophy and diverse phenomenat it generated.
It's a collection of handsome essays that help readers to understand
the mindset of this great architect and also the writing and practice
culture of Japan.
The first section of the book, "formative years", reveals Maki's early quest and thirst
in architecture. We went back and forth between nations and cultures to
embrace the globally accepted architecture and hone universally applicable
design skills. His memories and stories about former GSD Dean, Josep Lluis Sert,
is particularly fun read. His trip to historical towns and his relationship
with the heros of Team X is also a great personal story.
The second section, "collective form", tells Maki's long-sought-after urban
attitude. Based on the analysis of historical towns, Maki draws lasting principles
of collective form and constantly questions and reviews how it could be applied
to the different time zone with chaning living mode. The latter half of the chapter
is devoted to his Hillside Terrace Project. Over period of twenty five years,
in six different phases, Maki's theoretical urbanism manifesto is tested and evolved
through this project.
The third section of the book, "on the city", really shows Maki as an educator.
His research and his views on contemporary cities are well put together. Two essays on
Tokyo and one essay on his cremotorium really stands out. Three essays show how more or less
an outsider of Japanese-architects-circle (Maki studied/ practiced/ taught in the USA for over
ten years) distances himself from his native culture to throw fresh look to the community.
Moreover, the essays become dramatic because they show how Maki, an international figure,
uses universal language to draw out deep Japanese.
The last section, "on architects and architecture", explains how Maki thoroughly reviews
works of others. Two essays on Togo Murano and Yoshio Taniguchi really stands out.
It's informative not only in knowing the historical background of Japanese modern-contemporary
architecture and the two architects, but also in understanding Maki's own stance as an
architect. Mastery in Space and Materiality comes out as binding factors for the three architects.
All in all, a prospect reader will find, Maki as an apprentice, Maki as a (city) truth seeker,
Maki as an outsider (to be true insider), and Maki as a master. Few great architects in the world
practices richly what's been professed and Maki is one of them.

One last note:
Most of people know that star architects in Japan are great designers, however, not many know that they are also
great writers. Thanks to this publication of Maki's (and Isozaki's "Japaness in architecture"),intellectual force
of top Japanese architects is available in English. Kengo Kuma and Tadao Ando also wrote great books recently in Japan.
Hope their publication also become available to English audience soon.Nurturing Dreams: Collected Essays on Architecture and the City Overview

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Historic Preservation and the Livable City Review

Historic Preservation and the Livable City
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Historic Preservation and the Livable City Review
Everything old is new again. This book tells us why. Not since Jane Jacobs' THE DEATH AND LIFE OF GREAT AMERICAN CITIES has a book so clearly drawn out the things that make a city livable. Turns out a lot of it has to do with a sense of time and place.

I learned a lot about myself and where I live (Greenwich Village). Though I guess the target audience is also planners, economic development people, preservationists, housing people, etc. - professionals whose job is making a city work and thrive. But this book is a gift for curious and innocent city dwellers like me who half killed themselves restoring old housing stock because it felt more like a place to live than some modern sheetrock box. Now I understand a lot more about why I did it.

The authors are also out to change opinions. The main argument is that heritage (historic) preservation needs to be integrated into the planning and upkeep of cities as an integral part of creating and maintaining livable environments, not treated as an impediment. Turns out it's actually cheaper in many cases to restore existing sturdy housing stock than to bulldoze it for structural crap. (No wonder luxury Park Avenue housing always advertises itself as "pre-war," code for plaster, not quarter-inch sheetrock.)

The book also provides a library's worth of case studies of cities across the country that have seen the light and renovated and saved their architectural heritage. This annotated catalogue (with a treasure trove of photos) is itself reason enough to include the book in any collection of record. It also convincingly argues for cities to include sustainability and heritage preservation in any comprehensive planning, cutting across all the different agencies involved. Given how historic preservation enriches us all, it should be a starting point, not an afterthought.

This book tells us in detail where we've been. I hope it also tells us where we're going.
Thomas Hoover
www.thomashoover.info
Historic Preservation and the Livable City OverviewFor both the preservation professional and urban planner, this book shows how preservation is a key to the creation of livable cities. The author Eric Allison, the founder and coordinated of the graduate historic preservation program at Pratt Institute in New York City, offers tools and case studies that preservationists and planners can learn from in implementing preservation projects or plans in cities large and small. This book is a must read for anyone working in or interested in these fields and the creation and maintenance of livable cities.

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