Showing posts with label land use planning. Show all posts
Showing posts with label land use planning. Show all posts

New Geographies of the American West: Land Use and the Changing Patterns of Place (Orton Family Foundation Innovation in Place Series) Review

New Geographies of the American West: Land Use and the Changing Patterns of Place (Orton Family Foundation Innovation in Place Series)
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New Geographies of the American West: Land Use and the Changing Patterns of Place (Orton Family Foundation Innovation in Place Series) ReviewIn 1971 Oregon's likable curmudgeon Governor, Tom McCall, gained national notoriety when he urged people to vist Oregon -- but to move on with all deliberate speed -- or go back to California.
Prof. William R. Travis is a kinder, gentler McCall. But the Oregon politician and the Colorado geographer have the same basic message. The secret of the West's success in drawing people to its mountains, deserts, rivers, and estuaries is not so much resources as "amenities." But will the West's seductive geography prove its undoing? McCall and Travis, a generation apart, share the fear the West will choke on its demographic success.
The short version of Professor Travis' argument is that he sees sprawl everywhere, and the cure for it is open natural land.
Travis sees the West as a complex of core cities, their suburban sprawl, then the menacing "exurbs," a scattering of resorts, and an enormous "gentrified" range. Travis' is fond of cities, though he shares little of the loathing for the suburbs so common among urban planners. Most of his dislike is for the exurbs, yet the gentrified range gets a pass from him. The resorts, he hopes, will morph into "micropolitan" areas. This neologism might fit places like Flagstaff or Yakima.
Travis' strategy for choking sprawl and exurbia is an amplified version of one-time Albuquerque Mayor David Rusk's regional government approach. But the darkside of this approach, in a region the size of the West, is [more] reliance on the Federal Government, that already owns most of the West anyway.
This is where Travis falls into the trap he so much wants to West to avoid. It is clear from any number of referenda, a drastic but definitive form of "bottom-up planning," that one of the West's major amenities, ranking with mountains, deserts, and open natural space, is the absence of government meddling. The Federal Government, from the Border Patrol to the Bureaus of Land Management and Indian Affairs does not inspire confidence. Travis uses sound logic, but bad politics, in suggesting that the Feds administer already suspect land use planning.
What I think Professor Travis needs is another book that takes on some of the friction development in the West faces. He is, I believe, far too optimistic about the West's water supply [p. 31], and he is almost silent with respect to tribal claims, and to the immigration ("undocumented Americans") issue, including Mexican state-sponsored irridentism. But, he is at Boulder.
Regardless, Professor Travis has a deep appreciation for the complexity of the West, is technically on the cutting edge of Geography, and, I suspect, has a lot more to say. Readers in this field should look forward to his next books.
New Geographies of the American West: Land Use and the Changing Patterns of Place (Orton Family Foundation Innovation in Place Series) OverviewReconciling explosive growth with often majestic landscape defines New Geographies of the American West. Geographer William Travis examines contemporary land use changes and development patterns from the Mississippi to the Pacific, and assesses the ecological and social outcomes of Western development.

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Mobility First: A New Vision for Transportation in a Globally Competitive Twenty-first Century Review

Mobility First: A New Vision for Transportation in a Globally Competitive Twenty-first Century
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Mobility First: A New Vision for Transportation in a Globally Competitive Twenty-first Century ReviewI enjoyed reading this book, as it gives a different perspective on urban transportation systems here in the United States. Solutions to many of the mobility issues facing US cities today, especially road congestion, are presented. The solutions preferred by the authors are very aggressive and non-traditional. Reading this book has strengthened my view that solutions to our transportation issues are an important piece to keeping the United States economy strong globally.
I found the chapter on New York City to be especially interesting. It broadened my perspective on the relationship between different modes of transportation in our nation's largest and most complex city.Mobility First: A New Vision for Transportation in a Globally Competitive Twenty-first Century OverviewTraffic congestion is a growing problem and unless policy makers and transportation officials make some dramatic changes, it will rise to unacceptable levels by 2030. In

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The Regional City Review

The Regional City
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The Regional City ReviewThis is yet another book on a New Urbanist idea.
This one describes the idea of transit oriented communties. These are relatively dense planned communities that try to maintain what is seen as the essentials of small community life.
The density and distribution of these communities make them amenable to public transport. However more emphasis is placed on the development of community. Shopping facilities are centralized and made accessible to pedestrians. Public buildings and public space like squares are made central to the life of the community. The public buildings are given distinguished architecture to show their importance to the community. The public park or square is placed at the hub of planned pedestrian traffic to provide a place for unplanned meetings and interactions.
As it is this soert of community will probably work. The idea of the public square at a transportation crossroads as a means to creatre interaction is straight out of Bill Hillier's seminal work 'Space is the machine.' With proper attention to the principles presented by Hillier, there is no reason why a community designed in the way advocated here cannot produce the types of interactions advocated within this book.
However the book does not go far enough to truly identify what these principles are or even to state clearly and directly what basic principles are guiding the plans that it advocates. It would be possible to create developments that follow the plans described here that would work against the outcomes that it is advocating. Hillier's book, in its analysis of some modern housing estates based on similar goals, demosntrates this.
Yet there is something fundamentally wrong with this book. It is a basic statement of architectural determinism. Traditional suburbs are blamed for all problems in society from environmental pollution to school shootings and possibly even to asteroid impacts causing mass extinctions. There seems to be nothing wrong in society that is not the fault of suburbs and that cannot be fixed by these pedestrian-based communities.
The author acknowleges that the autonomy and privacy provided by the suburban form is attractive to many. He even states that his suggested community form is not antithetical to it. However following that one statement the remainder of the book is a jerimiad against suburban life. Privacy and autonomy references are replaced with descriptions of isolation and alienation.
The book would be more convincing if it remained an advocacy for its desired form. There is no doubt that this form if designed properly can foster the close community life that many people find very attractive. However not all people are attracted to this sort of life. Many people prefer the social autonomy that is provided to them in suburbs. With modern communication mechanisms like the telephone, Email, automobile etc, they can maintain multiple social netowkrs each with the social distance that they find comfortable. They are not forced to interact with a neighbor that they do not care for simply because his residence is nearby.
All in all this is a good book for its purpose. The unfortunate blathering about the short comings of suburbs distracts from its main purpsoe and weakens its argument. However many will find the small community life presented here very attractive.
It is worth reading despite these handicaps.The Regional City Overview

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Urban Design and People Review

Urban Design and People
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Urban Design and People ReviewDobbins wrote this comprehensive introduction to the theory and practice of Urban Design: What it is and how it's done, for his students. Written with humor and commonsense he intended it to also serve as a citizens' guidebook based on successes of citizens who have guided the design of projects and ensured those that benefit their communities get done. Because his practice has been unique in not only knitting together community interests with developers, but also in emphasizing the many professions involved in getting a project past design concept to completion, the book serves as a reference for practitioners to the expertise and turf of the diverse professional disciplines that must respect and work together for projects to get done.Urban Design and People OverviewThis introduction to the field of urban design offers a comprehensive survey of the processes necessary to implement urban design work, explaining the vocabulary, the rules, the tools, the structures, and the resources in clear and accessible style. Providing a comprehensive framework for understanding urban design principles and strategies, the author argues that urban design is both a process and a collaboration in which the different forces involved are knit together. Moving from the regional scale down to the scale of places, the book examines the goals and strategies of the urban designer from the viewpoints of the private sector, public sector, and community. The text is illustrated throughout with photographs and drawings that make theory and practice relevant and alive.

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Chatham Village: Pittsburgh's Garden City Review

Chatham Village: Pittsburgh's Garden City
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Chatham Village: Pittsburgh's Garden City ReviewAnyone who has ever lived in Chatham Village, or anyone who is interested in community planning will certainly be interested in this finely researched book about one of the country's first and most successful planned communities. Ms. Bamberg begins with a thorough history of the concept behind the idea for such a community. Admittedly, I had a special interest in the subject since I grew up in Chatham Village and my parents lived there for over 40 years. The author did a thorough job of bringing this concept community to life and juxtaposing it to other similar communities of the time. Photographs, some from the building phase over 80 years ago, brought added interest to the material.Chatham Village: Pittsburgh's Garden City Overview
Chatham Village, located in the heart of Pittsburgh, is an urban oasis that combines Georgian colonial revival architecture with generous greenspaces, recreation facilities, surrounding woodlands, and many other elements that make living there a unique experience. Founded in 1932, it has gained international recognition as an outstanding example of the American Garden City planning movement and was named a National Historic Landmark in 2005. Chatham Village was the brainchild of Charles F. Lewis, then director of the Buhl Foundation, a Pittsburgh-based charitable trust. Lewis sought an alternative to the substandard housing that plagued low-income families in the city. He hired the New York–based team of Clarence S. Stein and Henry Wright, followers of Ebenezer Howard's utopian Garden City movement, which sought to combine the best of urban and suburban living environments by connecting individuals to each other and to nature. Angelique Bamberg provides the first book-length study of Chatham Village, in which she establishes its historical significance to urban planning and reveals the complex development process, social significance, and breakthrough construction and landscaping techniques that shaped this idyllic community. She also relates the design of Chatham Village to the work of other pioneers in urban planning, including Frederick Law Olmsted Sr., landscape architect John Nolen, and the Regional Planning Association of America, and considers the different ways that Chatham Village and the later New Urbanist movement address a common set of issues. Above all, Bamberg finds that Chatham Village's continued viability and vibrance confirms its distinction as a model for planned housing and urban-based community living.


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Nurturing Dreams: Collected Essays on Architecture and the City Review

Nurturing Dreams: Collected Essays on Architecture and the City
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Nurturing Dreams: Collected Essays on Architecture and the City ReviewBased on Maki, the book covers primarily two things.
1. contemporary city.
2. modernist philosophy and diverse phenomenat it generated.
It's a collection of handsome essays that help readers to understand
the mindset of this great architect and also the writing and practice
culture of Japan.
The first section of the book, "formative years", reveals Maki's early quest and thirst
in architecture. We went back and forth between nations and cultures to
embrace the globally accepted architecture and hone universally applicable
design skills. His memories and stories about former GSD Dean, Josep Lluis Sert,
is particularly fun read. His trip to historical towns and his relationship
with the heros of Team X is also a great personal story.
The second section, "collective form", tells Maki's long-sought-after urban
attitude. Based on the analysis of historical towns, Maki draws lasting principles
of collective form and constantly questions and reviews how it could be applied
to the different time zone with chaning living mode. The latter half of the chapter
is devoted to his Hillside Terrace Project. Over period of twenty five years,
in six different phases, Maki's theoretical urbanism manifesto is tested and evolved
through this project.
The third section of the book, "on the city", really shows Maki as an educator.
His research and his views on contemporary cities are well put together. Two essays on
Tokyo and one essay on his cremotorium really stands out. Three essays show how more or less
an outsider of Japanese-architects-circle (Maki studied/ practiced/ taught in the USA for over
ten years) distances himself from his native culture to throw fresh look to the community.
Moreover, the essays become dramatic because they show how Maki, an international figure,
uses universal language to draw out deep Japanese.
The last section, "on architects and architecture", explains how Maki thoroughly reviews
works of others. Two essays on Togo Murano and Yoshio Taniguchi really stands out.
It's informative not only in knowing the historical background of Japanese modern-contemporary
architecture and the two architects, but also in understanding Maki's own stance as an
architect. Mastery in Space and Materiality comes out as binding factors for the three architects.
All in all, a prospect reader will find, Maki as an apprentice, Maki as a (city) truth seeker,
Maki as an outsider (to be true insider), and Maki as a master. Few great architects in the world
practices richly what's been professed and Maki is one of them.

One last note:
Most of people know that star architects in Japan are great designers, however, not many know that they are also
great writers. Thanks to this publication of Maki's (and Isozaki's "Japaness in architecture"),intellectual force
of top Japanese architects is available in English. Kengo Kuma and Tadao Ando also wrote great books recently in Japan.
Hope their publication also become available to English audience soon.Nurturing Dreams: Collected Essays on Architecture and the City Overview

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Sustainable and Resilient Communities: A Comprehensive Action Plan for Towns, Cities, and Regions (Wiley Series in Sustainable Design) Review

Sustainable and Resilient Communities: A Comprehensive Action Plan for Towns, Cities, and Regions (Wiley Series in Sustainable Design)
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Sustainable and Resilient Communities: A Comprehensive Action Plan for Towns, Cities, and Regions (Wiley Series in Sustainable Design) ReviewHaving embarked on a sustainability plan without the aid or foresight of any type of guidebook or comprehensive strategy, I am extremely supportive of the effort that author Stephen Coyle has undertaken in compiling Sustainable and Resilient Communities. This book should be the "Read Me!" document for anyone looking to engage in sustainability planning efforts from a government or community perspective. It's not the first book that I've read on how to engage in sustainability efforts (honestly such titles are beginning to become "a dime a dozen"), but it is the first book that focuses on how to create an action plan to make a community more sustainable (rather than simply focusing on successful efforts in other areas). Coyle manages to provide realistic strategies that can easily be worked into the political context of almost any community without crossing into the fringe of developing technologies or antiquated reductionist themes.
Sustainable and Resilient Communities is broken down into 13 chapters which address the various facets of sustainability. The chapters are:
1.The Built Environments and Its Supporting Systems
2.The Process of Transformation
3.The Physical Built Environment
4.The Regulatory Environment
5.Transportation
6.Energy
7.Water
8.Natural Environment
9.Food Production/Agriculture
10.Solid Waste
11.Economics
12.Engagement and Education
13.Public Health
The first two chapters provide a solid assessment of the sustainability planning process and offer a prescriptive framework for how it can be implemented within a community. Chapter 2 also provides a robust breakdown of the process showing how to assemble potential stakeholders, how to effectively use those stakeholders, how to gain support from a broad segment of the community, and how to successfully implement a sustainability plan. The remaining chapters break down each of the specialty topics and provide case studies that demonstrate how the topics were successfully tackled.
Sustainable and Resilient Communities is a 404 page manual on how to create a sustainability plan. This is the manual that you should pass around your organization or civic group to learn how to manage the process and how to build support. I found it to be well-written and filled with a wealth of information. Coyle has done a superb job of assembling a group of experts well-versed in the subject matter presented.It doesn't take a singular or rigid approach to building a sustainability plan but instead shows how communities can create objectives that meet the needs of their citizens.
I found the book to be well illustrated with rational and relevant examples. The graphics and detailed examples from municipalities around the country are extremely useful in brainstorming approaches. The graphics are also appropriately placed to make the topics at hand more cogent. The book opens with a Foreword from Andrés Duany and continues with poignant articles by renowned experts in their respective fields.
If you're interested in sustainability plans or sustainability action plans or just creating sustainability indicators for your organization this book is an excellent place to start. It's targeted to those involved with government organization, but it's a good tool in the hands of a community activists or civic group. It would also be an excellent manual for organizations looking to approach sustainability internally.
Sustainable and Resilient Communities: A Comprehensive Action Plan for Towns, Cities, and Regions (Wiley Series in Sustainable Design) Overview
The ultimate step-by-step action plan guidebook for making communities resilient, resourceful, and healthy

Many of today's communities face an unprecedented struggle to adapt and maintain their environmental, economic, and social well-being in an era beleaguered by fiscal constraints, uncertainty about energy prices and supplies, rapid demographic shifts, and accelerated climate impacts. This step-by-step guidebook for urban planners and urban designers explains how to create and implement an actionable plan for making neighborhoods, communities, and regions more environmentally healthy, resource-conserving, and economically resilient. Sustainable and Resilient Communities delineates measures for repairing, retrofitting, and transforming our built environments and supporting systems-transportation, energy, water, natural environment, food production, solid waste, and economics-through:

Methods for assessing a community's key sustainability quotient

Deploying tools for establishing timely performance goals and metrics

Developing strategies for evaluating, selecting, and implementing 'high-leverage' interventions

Activating policies, codes, programs, plans, and practices, as well as monitoring and upgrading their performance

The book includes a range of targeted case studies, from New Orleans and South Carolina to Arizona and California, illustrating geographically diverse approaches for urban contexts large and small.
A resource for developing an ecological urbanism, Sustainable and Resilient Communities employs time-proven, broadly applicable strategies and actions that can be customized for specific environmental, energy, and economic conditions.

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