Showing posts with label american history. Show all posts
Showing posts with label american history. Show all posts

Branch Rickey (Penguin Lives) Review

Branch Rickey (Penguin Lives)
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Branch Rickey (Penguin Lives) ReviewThe wonderful "Penguin Lives" series has hit another home run with Breslin's insightful, entertaining and revealing treatment of the man who, as GM of the Brooklyn Dodgers in the late 1940's, had the courage and foresight to facilitate Jackie Robinson's extraordinary breaking of the sport's color bar.
These "Lives" books are not meant to be exhaustive biographies. Generally, there are no indices, source notes. Rather, the author provides a quite selective bibliography for readers wanting fuller treatment. The mission of the "Lives" books, rather, is to sketch the full life, and home in on significant, inspiring acts of the subject that truly made a positive difference in the world. The several I have read, including this one, have the sense of a masterful story-teller chatting knowingly with me across a kitchen table.
Enter Breslin, an icon himself, who for more than 55 years has moved us to tears and laughter and greater understanding. His selection to treat Rickey really is "beautiful." By story's end, Penguin's choice of Rickey as the inaugural sports figure in the series--ahead of Robinson, Ruth, Thorpe--also seems totally appropriate. As Breslin shows, without Rickey doggedly pursuing his vision of integration against many foes, a decade (or more) might have passed unchanged.
What led Rickey to dissent from all 15 other baseball owners (Breslin provides their ridiculously pious and hypocritical "Statement on Race") and dedicate himself and his team to integration? Breslin reveals Rickey as a dedicated Methodist, a proponent of fairness for all, with an eye for talent (he champions a lanky young freshman named George Sisler; years later, Rickey and super scout Clyde Sukeforth seize on Robinson, but only after subjecting him to a four-hour grilling, "Will you have the guts to turn away?"; the recounting of that meeting is riveting). As do a number of others in the Penguin series, Rickey radiates as a true visionary. Not only was breaking the color bar the right thing to do morally; it also was great business. Rickey's every act in that direction was purposeful, as Breslin shows us a man who never relied on luck. "Luck," Rickey said, "is the residue of design."
So before Robinson could take the field in a Dodgers uniform and triumph over so much hostility, Rickey carefully built a new infrastructure. He steadfastly courted politicians to pass first a fair employment law and then to mobilize their constituencies; he spoke to African-American groups; he courageously ignored the racist sports writers of the time; he reasoned with some of his own racist players. "Proximity" was part of his vision for success--by being proximate to a player of Robinson's immense talent and focus, the rightness of integration would manifest itself. He was in his late 60's by then, had a long and successful career in baseball, but was determined to make this happen. And in Robinson he had a great chance.
With his unique style, wry humor and grace, gift for incisive anecdotes and riffs, and flair for embellishing dialogue without taking undue liberties, Breslin succeeds in letting his remarkable subject's life achievement show and tell itself. In so doing, Breslin's gem takes a rightful place among Penguin's other lives who really mattered.Branch Rickey (Penguin Lives) Overview

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History of the American Economy (with InfoTrac College Edition 2-Semester and Economic Applications Printed Access Card) Review

History of the American Economy (with InfoTrac College Edition 2-Semester and Economic Applications Printed Access Card)
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History of the American Economy (with InfoTrac College Edition 2-Semester and Economic Applications Printed Access Card) ReviewThis is definitely the best introductory book there is on the subject. This was a supplemental book for an undergraduate class of mine, but I read it anyway. The authors lucid writing allows this book to be thoroughly understood by all readers despite their backround in economics. I truly believe that this book should be required reading for all history, political science, finance, sociology, and economics majors.
Unlike most books on the history of anything, this book starts from the beginning. The authors start off discussing explorers and empires and then go into colonization. Extremely informative on the economics of different regions in colonial America and the Industrial Revolution.History of the American Economy (with InfoTrac College Edition 2-Semester and Economic Applications Printed Access Card) OverviewTying America's past to the economic policies of today and beyond, HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN ECONOMY 11e presents events chronologically for easy understanding. Get a firm foundation in the evolution of the American economy with this ever-popular classic.

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Custer and Me: A Historian's Memoir Review

Custer and Me: A Historian's Memoir
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Custer and Me: A Historian's Memoir ReviewUtley's memoirs begin,
"How can a man [Custer] long dead haunt the lives of so many people? How can a man both venerated and abominated in his own time still command so much veneration and abomination in a generation ten times removed from his? How can Japanese who read translations of my writings - or for that matter, French, Italians, Poles, or Czechs - find even a narrow bridge to that distant time, place, and culture that can convert them into Custer addicts?
Of the afflicted, many do not know, or cannot explain, why. Others will offer many and diverse reasons. For myself, I know only how it started and how it is ending. In between, many things happened that may help illumine the question. Whether they do or not, they tell much about Custer and me."
Throughout Utley's long lustrous career, both as a writer of history and a risk taking National Park Service leader, he has tried to answer many of those questions and he has done well in the attempt. Writing with confidence and clarity, Utley does not fail his followers. He takes us on a whirlwind tour of his personal life - a most honest tour. Utley imparts his triumphs and discloses the failures - journeys that sometimes took him far from the Little Bighorn, but always brought him back.
We learn how and when Custer began to influence Utley's life -- it was Errol Flynn and Olivia de Havilland in the film, They Died with Their Boots On. Utley was twelve at the time and four short years later he would take a monumental trip to the Custer Battlefield National Monument. We can all be thankful that the trip was made.
"Custer and Me" shines best when Custer takes center stage. Utley worked each summer, at Little Bighorn, from 1947-52 as a "historical aide." Utley witnessed major events at the battlefield -- the 75th, 100th, and 125th anniversaries. At the 75th anniversary, the speakers were Army Lt. General Albert C. Wedemeyer, Fleet Admiral William D. Leahy, and Dewey Beard (Horn Cloud). Utley remembers that day,
"For Captain Luce and me alike, however, the awesome attraction was the assemblage of high-ranking brass. All those glittering stars so excited Luce that he drove the government car without releasing the emergency brake, which caught fire."
The American Indian Movement (A.I.M.), led by Russell Means, disrupted the 100th anniversary events with actions that resulted in some Custer enthusiasts' animosity toward the National Park Service. Utley's take on the uninvited visit by Means enables the reader to better understand why the National Park Service reacted the way it did.
Utley shares the story behind his first book, "Custer's Last Stand: With a Narrative of Events Proceeding and Following." The costs for publication were a whopping $365. If anyone is fortunate to find a copy today, it will probably cost the buyer more than the publication costs. The book was sold at Mary Jane's battlefield souvenir shop. About this first work Utley states, "...Is not a work that I now, more than half a century later, look back on with pride." Utley's feelings aside, the book sold out at Mary Jane's store even with the 75-cent price tag!
Far from Custer Battlefield, Utley served the National Park Service well. We can give Utley credit for helping bring Hubbel Trading Post, Fort Bowie, and Fort Davis into the park system. He held positions as NPS Regional Historian in Santa Fe, Chief Historian in D.C., director of the Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation, and deputy executive director at the Advisory Council, which reported directly to the president of the United States.
After retiring from the NPS, Utley was still very vocal with issues inside it - most of them involved Little Bighorn. We are privy to inside information about issues such as the archeological digs of the early 80s, North Shield Ventures, and the Indian Memorial.
People and characters of all kinds, some well known and others unknown, grace the pages for us to enjoy; Norman MacLean, Congressman Morris Udall, LeRoy Hafen, Edgar Stewart, Wallace Stegner, Lyndon and Lady Bird Johnson, Interior Secretary Stewart Udall, Paul Hutton, and Charles Windolf (Utley met Windolf, the last white survivor of the Battle of the Little Bighorn, only three years before his passing in South Dakota).
But, there are two people that most influenced Utley -- Edward S. Luce, and Utley's wife, Melody Webb. Utley's affection for Luce and Webb is openly shared with us; it is heartfelt, and at times very moving. These memoirs are a true love story at all levels. 
"Custer and Me" is filled with many moments of personal reflection. The reader feels as if he is reading more than a memoir. The experience is more like a one-on-one, come sit down beside me, and let me tell you what I can't tell anyone else personal account. "Custer and Me" is a total joy to read.Custer and Me: A Historian's Memoir Overview
In Custer and Me, renowned western historian and expert on historic preservation, Robert M. Utley, turns his talents to his own life and career. Through lively personal narrative, Utley offers an insider's view of Park Service workings and problems, both at regional and national levels, during the Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, and Carter administrations. Utley also details the birth of the Western History Association, early national historic-preservation programs, and the many clashes over "symbolic possession" of what is now the Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument. Readers will discover how a teenager smitten with Custermania came as an adult to appreciate the full complexity of the Battle of the Little Bighorn and its interpretation and to research and write narrative histories of the American West that have appealed to popular audiences while winning highest honors from the scholarly and writing communities.


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Rehabilitating Lochner: Defending Individual Rights against Progressive Reform Review

Rehabilitating Lochner: Defending Individual Rights against Progressive Reform
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Rehabilitating Lochner: Defending Individual Rights against Progressive Reform ReviewIn my constitutional law class, my understanding of Lochner was as follows: The Supreme Court essentially made up the right to liberty of contract around 1900, and used that right to subvert needed economic reform while ignoring the rights of minorities and others. Wise Justices like Holmes saw right through the majority, and revealed that they were simply trying to impose the Justices' anti-labor preferences on the country at large. Meanwhile, Holmes and his colleague Brandeis started to redirect the Fourteenth Amendment away from the protection of property and contract rights toward the protection of civil liberties. In the 1930s, the anti-Lochner forces won, and Holmes and Brandeis's Progressive vision came to dominate constitutional law.
The thrust of Rehabilitating Lochner is that all of this is conventional wisdom, yet it is wrong in almost every detail. It's a short, readable book, but manages to convey an incredible amount of information about the real story of Lochner, its supporters, its Progressive critics, and the continuing influence of Lochner on modern constitutional law. It's too rich to try to sum up in a short review, so just read it!Rehabilitating Lochner: Defending Individual Rights against Progressive Reform OverviewIn this timely reevaluation of an infamous Supreme Court decision, David E. Bernstein provides a compelling survey of the history and background of Lochner v. New York. This 1905 decision invalidated state laws limiting work hours and became the leading case contending that novel economic regulations were unconstitutional. Sure to be controversial, Rehabilitating Lochner argues that the decision was well grounded in precedent—and that modern constitutional jurisprudence owes at least as much to the limited-government ideas of Lochner proponents as to the more expansive vision of its Progressive opponents. Tracing the influence of this decision through subsequent battles over segregation laws, sex discrimination, civil liberties, and more, Rehabilitating Lochner argues not only that the court acted reasonably in Lochner, but that Lochner and like-minded cases have been widely misunderstood and unfairly maligned ever since. (20110627)

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Greetings from Route 66: The Ultimate Road Trip Back Through Time Along America's Main Street Review

Greetings from Route 66: The Ultimate Road Trip Back Through Time Along America's Main Street
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Greetings from Route 66: The Ultimate Road Trip Back Through Time Along America's Main Street ReviewWe'll be driving our 3rd and final leg of Route 66 on 2011 [NM to CA]. We plan our trip in some detail and find using "EZ 66 Guide for Travelers", "Images of 66" and now "Greeting from Route 66" provide great planning tools for all the sites one wishes to see. It's really helps to see pictures and reading the stories and historical details. This is all part of the fun of getting ready to go.Greetings from Route 66: The Ultimate Road Trip Back Through Time Along America's Main Street OverviewJohn Steinbeck famously christened Route 66 America's "Mother Road" in The Grapes of Wrath, and that chapter about Tom Joad's exodus is just one of the classic pieces collected in this ultimate anthology. Here's history, roadside attractions, pop culture, ghost stories—even recipes from famous greasy spoons. And it's all illustrated with the largest collection of vintage art, postcards, travel decals, collectibles, and other memorabilia ever amassed. This is a truly a worthy tribute to the Main Street of America.


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Tom and Jack: The Intertwined Lives of Thomas Hart Benton and Jackson Pollock Review

Tom and Jack: The Intertwined Lives of Thomas Hart Benton and Jackson Pollock
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Tom and Jack: The Intertwined Lives of Thomas Hart Benton and Jackson Pollock ReviewIn TOM AND JACK, Henry Adams, one of the creative contributors to the documentary Ken Burns' America: Thomas Hart Benton, takes a close look at the influence of Thomas Hart Benton on perhaps the greatest American artist of the twentieth century, Jackson Pollock. In this rich and insightful dual portrait, Adams first must rehabilitate Benton's reputation as a prolific, dynamic, and socially progressive realist who rose to fame as a WPA mural painter. Adams looks at Benton's expatriate experiences in Paris, the influence of the now forgotten school of Synchromism on his sense of dynamism, and examines Benton's eventual decline (dismissal really) in the eyes of fellow artists and east coast intellectuals. As a teacher at the Art Students League in New York, Benton enjoyed being an iconoclastic influence on his mostly male students. Pollock and Pollock's brothers, also artists, were part of this group. Although Benton and Pollock were quite different in many ways (Benton was quite learned and well read while Pollock was inarticulate, if not exactly illiterate), they were both highly driven artists who never really felt themselves to be artworld insiders. Adams is at his best when analysing the men's artwork, but he is equally comfortable exploring the psychology of their relationship. Since Pollock spent a good deal of time in psychotherapy, Adams's marshalling of Freudian and Jungian psychoanalytical theories as practiced in mid-century America is not out of place, and his presentation of Pollock's relatiohip with Benton and Benton's wife Rita as classically Oedipal is convincing.
In the first part of the book, Adams reveals the abstraction within Benton's realistic paintings; in the second part, he exposes the figurative and orderly elements hidden in Pollock's masterpieces. "It's telling," Adams writes, "that Pollock considered Einstein and Freud the two most important figures of modern times: one delved into the structure of the universe, the other into the structure of the unconscious. The power of Pollock's great drip paintings is that they seem to explore both these mysterious realms" (p. 324).
The book contains 16 pages of color reproductions, but I found it helpful to also consult Ellen Landau's Jackson Pollock, with its exquisite color plates of all of Pollock's major works. (I couldn't find anything comparable for Benton.) TOM and JACK also helped me to better understand Ed Harris's well-made but often elliptical film Pollock. Adams packs a lot into his 400-page dual biography. Its scholarship is well-considered and never bogs down the narrative; TOM AND JACK is a book I'm sure I'll return to again and again as I continue to study and enjoy the work of these two great American artists.Tom and Jack: The Intertwined Lives of Thomas Hart Benton and Jackson Pollock OverviewA groundbreaking portrait of the intense personal and artistic relationship between Thomas Hart Benton and Jackson Pollock, revealing how their friendship changed American art. The drip paintings of Jackson Pollock, trailblazing Abstract Expressionist, appear to be the polar opposite of Thomas Hart Benton's highly figurative Americana. Yet the two men had a close and highly charged relationship dating from Pollock's days as a student under Benton. Pollock's first and only formal training came from Benton, and the older man soon became a surrogate father to Pollock. In true Oedipal fashion, Pollock even fell in love with Benton's wife. Pollock later broke away from his mentor artistically, rocketing to superstardom with his stunning drip compositions. But he never lost touch with Benton or his ideas—in fact, his breakthrough abstractions reveal a strong debt to Benton's teachings. I n an epic story that ranges from the cafés and salons of Gertrude Stein's Paris to the highways of the American West, Henry Adams, acclaimed author of Eakins Revealed, unfolds a poignant personal drama that provides new insights into two of the greatest artists of the twentieth century.

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America: The Last Best Hope Volumes I & II Box Set Review

America: The Last Best Hope Volumes I and II Box Set
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America: The Last Best Hope Volumes I & II Box Set ReviewThis is a great, and much needed, update of our great Nation's history. We have very little to be ashamed of in this country and Dr. Bennett brings that forth with wonderful prose throughout the book. As a teacher of US History I would strongly recommend the book to any and all.America: The Last Best Hope Volumes I & II Box Set Overview
William J. Bennett reacquaints America with its heritage in two volumes of America: The Last Best Hope.

While national test scores reveal that American students know startlingly little about their history, former U.S. Education Secretary William J. Bennett offers one of the most gripping and memorable versions of the American story in print. The two volumes of Bennett's New York Times bestselling epic, America: The Last Best Hope, cover Columbus's discovery of the New World in the fifteenth century to the fall of world communism in the twentieth. Now both volumes are available in a convenient and attractive slip case-complete with a bonus audio CD, "Remembering Ronald Reagan," featuring recollections and commentary by Jeane Kirkpatrick, Edwin Meese, and others.

Bill Bennett brings American history to life with stories such as:


the coup d'etat quelled by a pair of reading glasses
the U.S. senator nearly caned to death on the Senate floor
the presidential pardon for hundreds of Sioux warriors
one ex-president's race to finish his memoirs and the famous humorist who helped him
when Time magazine named Hitler man of the year
Eisenhower's bold actions documenting the horrors of the Holocaust
Nixon's comic opera uniforms for White House guards
Reagan's most famous example of just saying "No"


From heroism of the Revolution to the dire hours of the Civil War, from the progressive reforms of the early 1900s to the civil rights reforms of the 1960s, from the high drama of the Space Race to the gut-wrenching tension of the Cold War, Bennett slices through the cobwebs of time, memory, and prevailing cynicism to reinvigorate America with an informed patriotism.

Praise for America: The Last Best Hope

"This is the American history that Abraham Lincoln has long awaited."-Harry V. Jaffa, Crisis of the House Divided

"Bennett has a gift for choosing the pithy, revealing anecdote and for providing fresh character sketches and critical analyses of the leading figures. This is an American history that adults will find refreshing and enlightening and that younger readers will find a darn good read."-Michael Barone, US News & World Report

"A worthy and necessary book for our time."-Michael J. Lewis, Commentary

"Bennett ... has a strong sense of narrative, a flair for anecdote and a lively style. And the American story really is a remarkable one, filled with its share of brilliant leaders and tragic mistakes.Bennett brings that story to life."-Alan Wolfe, The Washington Post

"The role of history is to inform, inspire, and sometimes provoke us, which is why Bill Bennett's wonderfully readable book is so important. He puts our nation's triumphs, along with its lapses, into the context of a narrative about the progress of freedom. Every now and then it's useful to be reminded that we are a fortunate people, blessed with generations of leaders who repeatedly renewed the meaning of America."-Walter Isaacson, Benjamin Franklin: An American Life

"The importance of America: The Last Best Hope probably exceeds anything Dr. Bennett has ever written, and it is more elegantly crafted and eminently readable than any comprehensive work of history I've read in a very long time. It's silly to compare great works of history to great novels, but this book truly is a page-turner." -Brad Miner, American Compass

"This lively book acknowledges mistakes and shortcomings, yet patriotically asserts that the American experiment in democracy is still a success story."-School Library Journal

"Bill Bennett's book will stand as perhaps the most important addition to American scholarship at this, the start of the new century.... With this book Bennett offers to Americans young and old an exciting and enjoyable history of what makes America the greatest nation on earth.-Brian Kennedy, president, The Claremont Institute


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Lost States Review

Lost States
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Lost States ReviewOn the outside, the book looks very interesting. The set-up itself is nice with many full color pictures and maps. Each entry is two pages accompanied with text on one side and a map or other illustration on the other. However, the devil is in the details and they are numerous.
For starters, too many of the entries are completely pointless. Why? For a book called "Lost States," too many examples would never have been considered for statehood nor would ever seriously be considered for statehood. Some examples of this are Rio Rico (Texas), Saipan, Guyana, Boston, Chicago, Sicily, Navassa Island, etc. Most of these are complete jokes because of some complaint over taxes or some nameless politician says something that is never seriously considered.
There are also many amateurish errors. At one point, President William McKinley is referred to as James McKinley. A picture allegedly of Confederate President Davis does not look like him at all (because it is not). The section on Rio Rico completely fails to mention how the Texan town was ceded to Mexico back in the seventies (rather the author implies it is still U.S. territory). He incorrectly says the Northern Mariana Islands were under U.S. control since 1898, when in reality they were not occupied by the U.S. until World War II.
For whatever reason, the author also feels it necessary to criticize George W. Bush and the Iraq War on multiple occasions. The most notable of this is in the section on Iceland. What does Bush and the Iraq War have to do with Iceland's potential statehood? Absolutely nothing. So why mention it there at all?
The book also fails in its omissions. In the section on Cuba, there is no mention of the Ostend Manifesto and the attempts to annex the island in the 1840s and 1850s. There is no section on the proposed Territory of Jefferson (the one that eventually became Colorado).
The author is obviously not a historian or a serious researcher and his writing style shows that.
It might sound like I am just complaining, but I bought this book to learn some new things. How am I supposed to trust information that I am not familiar with when I keep finding error after error on things I already know?
The only sections that are really worth anything are the ones on Deseret, Franklin, and Puerto Rico. The rest is just nonsense.
In conclusion, I do not recommend this book. It is filled with errors, nonsense, and omissions. As another reviewer said, it is "not worth the paper its written on."Lost States OverviewEveryone knows the fifty nifty united states—but what about the hundreds of other statehood proposals that never came to pass? Lost States is a tribute to such great unrealized dreams as West Florida, Texlahoma, Montezuma, Rough and Ready, and Yazoo. Some of these states came remarkably close to joining the Union. Others never had a chance. Many are still trying. Consider: • Frontier legend Daniel Boone once proposed a state of Transylvania in the Appalachian wilderness (his plan was resurrected a few years later with the new name of Kentucky). • Residents of bucolic South Jersey wanted to secede from their urban north Jersey neighbors and form the fifty-first state. • The Gold Rush territory of Nataqua could have made a fine state—but since no women were willing to live there, the settlers gave up and joined California. Each story offers a fascinating glimpse at the nation we might have become—along with plenty of absurd characters, bureaucratic red tape, and political gamesmanship. Accompanying these tales are beautifully rendered maps detailing the proposed state boundaries, plus images of real-life artifacts and ephemera. Welcome to the world of Lost States!

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Antonin Scalia's Jurisprudence: Text and Tradition Review

Antonin Scalia's Jurisprudence: Text and Tradition
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Antonin Scalia's Jurisprudence: Text and Tradition ReviewAccomplished scholar Prof. Ralph Rossum has penned a well-crafted book analyzing the legal opinions and writings of U.S. Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia. The result is a solid read about how Justice Scalia views the role of a judge and how he sees himself. At least, Rossum gives his own take on how Justice Scalia sees himself. Obviously, the only person who truly knows how he sees himself is Justice Scalia.
One of the two most interesting chapters is Chapter 2: "Text and Tradition." It summarizes Justice Scalia's textualist approach to statutory and constitutional interpretation. In short, when deciding a given case, the plain meaning of the words contained in statutes or constitution provisions matters. Where the plain text is unclear, a jurist should consult the tradition behind the text to understand what the words mean to those who adopted it. The original understanding of the text rather than any original or even secret intent should be controlling. Justice Scalia's approach is tied to an emphasis upon the democratic decision-making process as the basis for legitimate exercise of governmental authority. Not judicial adventurism and second-guessing of democratic decision-making evidenced by statutes and constitutional provisions.
This book is not lengthy. Nor is it written at a highly technical level. So although Rossum indicates on pg. 37 that Justice Scalia "simply has not developed a well-thought-out understanding of the principles of democracy," Rossum does not elaborate much on the point. One will just have to consult law review articles and the like for more in that regard.
The other chapter making for the most interesting reading is Chapter 3: "Constitutional Structure and Separation of Powers." This portion transitions nicely from the previous chapter and underscores the importance that governmental structure plays in Justice Scalia's views of the constitution. During his SCOTUS confirmation hearings, then-Judge Scalia testified that our division of federal power into three branches with a system of checks and balances has been crucial to the defense of our liberties. Rossum proceeds to analyze important separation of powers opinions written by Justice Scalia, including his infamous, lone-ranger dissent in Morrison v. Olsen (1988) concerning the Ethics in Government Act's provision for an independent counsel. At issue was the constitutionality of vesting the independent counsel of executive power despite its detachment from the President. Also important is Rossum's analysis of Justice Scalia's majority opinion in Printz v. United States (1997). The case is typically known as an anti-commandeering decision, but Rossum highlights the separation of powers rationale that Justice Scalia includes in the opinion.
Later chapters deal with Justice Scalia's approach to substantive individual rights and to individual procedural rights. Justice Scalia's textualist emphasis is to prevent "backsliding" or erosion of important freedoms by judicial re-interpretation of democratically-adopted protections.
Some familiarity with Justice Scalia's opinions or his book, A Matter of Interpretation, makes Rossum's book more worthwhile. But it is not essential. One need not be a lawyer to follow Rossum's overview. Nor need one even agree with Justice Scalia's approach to law or decisions in the cases discussed in the book to benefit from reading this book. The book has a sympathetic tone towards its subject, but it is not an advocacy publication. Rossum even insists while Justice Scalia is remarkably consistent in his jurisprudence that he is nonetheless inconsistent in a few areas of law (e.g., state sovereign immunity.)
Rossum set out to describe the jurisprudence of perhaps the most interesting and discussed jurist on SCOTUS today. The author succeeds and the product is an accessible, informative, and interesting read.Antonin Scalia's Jurisprudence: Text and Tradition OverviewLionized by the right and demonized by the left, Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia is the high court's quintessential conservative. Witty, outspoken, often abrasive, he is widely regarded as the most controversial member of the Court.This book is the first comprehensive, reasoned, and sympathetic analysis of how Scalia has decided cases during his entire twenty-year Supreme Court tenure. Ralph Rossum focuses on Scalia's more than 600 Supreme Court opinions and dissents-carefully wrought, passionately argued, and filled with well-turned phrases-which portray him as an eloquent defender of an "original meaning" jurisprudence. He also includes analyses of Scalia's Court of Appeals opinions for the D.C. circuit, his major law review articles as a law professor and judge, and his provocative book, A Matter of Interpretation. Rossum reveals Scalia's understanding of key issues confronting today's Court, such as the separation of powers, federalism, the free speech and press and religion clauses of the First Amendment, and the due process and equal protection clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment. He suggests that Scalia displays such a keen interest in defending federalism that he sometimes departs from text and tradition, and reveals that he has disagreed with other justices most often in decisions involving the meaning of the First Amendment's establishment clause. He also analyzes Scalia's positions on the commerce clause and habeas corpus clause of Article I, the take care clause of Article II, the criminal procedural provisions of Amendments Four through Eight, protection of state sovereign immunity in the Eleventh Amendment, and Congress's enforcement power under Section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment.The first book to fully articulate the contours of Scalia's constitutional philosophy and jurisprudence, Rossum's insightful study ultimately depicts Scalia as a principled, consistent, and intelligent textualist who is fearless and resolute, notwithstanding the controversy he often inspires.

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After the Glory: The Struggles of Black Civil War Veterans Review

After the Glory: The Struggles of Black Civil War Veterans
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After the Glory: The Struggles of Black Civil War Veterans ReviewThough the recent attention of the 54th Massachusetts Colored Infantry- largely due to the success of the movie "Glory"- has garnered some awareness of blacks in the American Civil War, little is still known about these magnificent men who donned the blue uniforms. Blacks played an integral role in the preservation of the Union and deserve the same attention in regards to the respect shown to Civil War veterans.
Information on Civil War veterans remains rather sketchy in places with one of those pertaining to African American veterans. Until Donald Shaffer's study, very little was known on the pension availability to black soldiers. Although not surprising, Shaffer's accounts of racism and prejudice further emphasize the general reaction to African Americans. Thousands of blacks died in the war, but they still were not given the full support of white veteran groups or even the general public. After assisting the unification of this country, blacks continued to climb uphill in regards to social rights.
Lastly, it was eye-opening to see how difficult our government made it for black veterans to get a pension. The pension process was long, tiresome, and difficult for white Union veterans, nevertheless blacks had it worse. Shaffer's book will be a key addition to any Civil War library and may be a standard for a portrait on black veterans in the postwar period.
After the Glory: The Struggles of Black Civil War Veterans OverviewThe heroics of black Union soldiers in the Civil War have been justly celebrated, but their postwar lives largely neglected. Donald Shaffer's illuminating study shines a bright light on this previously obscure part of African American history, revealing for the first time black veterans' valiant but often frustrating efforts to secure true autonomy and equality as civilians.After the Glory shows how black veterans' experiences as soldiers provided them for the first time with a sense of manliness that shaped not only their own lives but also their contributions to the African American community. Shaffer makes clear, however, that their postwar pursuit of citizenship and a dignified manhood was never very easy for black veterans, their triumphs frequently neither complete nor lasting.Shaffer chronicles the postwar transition of black veterans from the Union army, as well as their subsequent life patterns, political involvement, family and marital life, experiences with social welfare, comradeship with other veterans, and memories of the war itself. He draws on such sources as Civil War pension records to fashion a collective biography--a social history of both ordinary and notable lives--resurrecting the words and memories of many black veterans to provide an intimate view of their lives and struggles.Like other African Americans from many walks of life, black veterans fought fiercely against disenfranchisement and Jim Crow and were better equipped to do so than most other African Americans. They carried a sense of pride instilled by their military service that made them better prepared to confront racism and discrimination and more respected in their own communities. As Shaffer reveals, they also had nearly equal access to military pensions, financial resources available to few other blacks, and even found acceptance among white Union veterans in the Grand Army of the Republic fraternity.After the Glory is not merely another tale of black struggles in a racist America; it is the story of how a select group of African Americans led a quest for manhood--and often found it within themselves when no one else would give it to them.This book is part of the Modern War Studies series.

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Railroads Across North America: An Illustrated History Review

Railroads Across North America: An Illustrated History
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Railroads Across North America: An Illustrated History ReviewWhether an a railfan for decades or just getting into the hobby, this is a great book. Copy is informative and not overdone. Photos and graphics are outstanding. Although my interest in railroading in the Northeast, I found the collection of schedule graphics, promotional pieces, etc. very interesting and, simply, just fun to look at. I lent my copy to a few of my buddies and was happy to see they didn't glance over the pages, but were caught by photos and info. (Hats off to the graphics people). And these are former railroaders and modelers who are "rivet counters," so for the book to get their attention says something about it. A few commented on the price, and thought the book was a real bargain.Railroads Across North America: An Illustrated History OverviewFrom the first steam-powered locomotives of the early nineteenth century to the high-speed commuter trains of today, the American railroad has been a great engine powering the nations growth and industry. This book celebrates the glory and grandeur of that legacy with a lavish tour of the history of the American railroad and the culture surrounding it. Generously illustrated with vintage photographs, modern images, maps, timetables, tickets, brochures, and all manner of memorabilia, this volume offers a fascinating look at the rail industrys beginnings and development, as well as its place in American history. From the might of the major rail companies and their empires to the romance of rail travel, this is the full and fabulously colorful story of the industry that moved a nation--and stirs our imaginations to this day.


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Regional Landscapes of the US and Canada Review

Regional Landscapes of the US and Canada
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Regional Landscapes of the US and Canada ReviewI received this book earlier than expected and it was in wonderful condition when I received it. I will definitely use these people again.Regional Landscapes of the US and Canada OverviewThis bestselling book has been praised for providing general readers with an excellent introduction to major geographic concepts and fundamental themes. The new seventh edition builds on this success, presenting updated and revised material. It includes information from the 2002 agricultural census and the 2005 mid-point US population census. Readers will also find updated coverage of the Southern Coastlands and Hurricane Katrina as well as new details on the Northlands and the impact of global warming. Anyone interested in the geography of Canada and the US will find this a valuable resource.

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Red Summer: The Summer of 1919 and the Awakening of Black America Review

Red Summer: The Summer of 1919 and the Awakening of Black America
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Red Summer: The Summer of 1919 and the Awakening of Black America ReviewWe have had the occasional flare-up of mass racial violence in the past few decades. We have had nothing like the summer of 1919, when there were riots and lynchings in many large American cities, and countless episodes of violence in smaller ones. They changed race relations and changed America forever, but perhaps because 1919 is now so far away, few recognize it as a time monumental in the history of American civil rights. Thus there are plenty of eye-opening revelations in _Red Summer: The Summer of 1919 and the Awakening of Black America_ (Henry Holt) by Cameron McWhirter, the first narrative history of that epochal year. McWhirter is a reporter for _The Wall Street Journal_, and much of the obviously extensive research he has done involves the way the newspapers covered the violence at the time. Not only does he give narratives of the causes and details of the riots in Chicago, Washington, Omaha, and other cities, he gives a broader picture of the reasons 1919 should have been a particular year for racial violence, and the changes the violence wrought.
Many Americans, and much of the world, were looking for 1919 to be a year of spreading peace and good will. Thousands of black soldiers returned from The Great War with higher expectations, and their families and communities shared the optimism that there would be change. White society was, to put it lightly, not ready for change, and was fearful that change might come. There was an upsurge in lynching, with NAACP files showing 52 black people being lynched during the year, and not just in the South. Much of McWhirter's book is distressing reading, describing the specific actions within the riots, and the torturing and lynching, and the government officials who were incapable or unwilling to put a stop to the rioting by whites. In all cases, the racial riots were started by whites massing against blacks (although there may have been some action by individual blacks that triggered the response). Typical of the reporting on the riots in Elaine, Arkansas, were leads delivered by whites in charge; a headline about the riots in _The Washington Post_ read in part, "Big Uprising Was Plotted," and in the _Los Angeles Times_, "Negroes Plot White Massacre." McWhirter says, "The narrative meshed with nationwide white fears of racial violence and radicalism: stored ammunition, passwords, `Paul Reveres' riding into the night, and a white socialist lawyer as a mastermind." The picture was completely false; there had been no black insurrection, only some black farmers organizing to make sure they were not bilked when selling their crops. The riot in Elaine, like many others described here, was simply a massacre of blacks; there was no forensic accounting afterwards, and probably a few hundred were killed, but no one knows even an approximate number. The lack of action by President Woodrow Wilson is a theme here. It is true that he was far more interested in working for his plan (eventually a failure) to have America enter a League of Nations, but he did nothing toward eliminating racial violence or even in prosecuting those who took part in lynch mobs. When asked for statements from black leaders, he had nothing to say. Congress followed Wilson's lead, saying little; legislation that was simply against lynching was introduced and could not get passed.
What did change was that blacks began to realize they did not have to take the abuse of rioters silently any more. As the summer of 1919 progressed, blacks were arming themselves; the resulting violence may have disgusted whites and blacks, but large-scale white violence was being met by large-scale black violence. This is one of the reasons that there were fewer such riots in subsequent years. Also blacks felt more reason to attempt to take control; there was more political action and registering to vote. Tens of thousands joined the NAACP, which because of the year's events, became the most powerful civil rights group for its time. Many of the whites who rioted during that year never came to justice, but also some of the blacks who had been arrested and even put on death row had their trials reviewed and the obvious unfairness reversed. Of course there was going to be more violence in the upcoming decades, but the brutality of 1919 was never repeated, and it inspired black Americans to strive for true equality. McWhirter writes, "Even a skeptic must conclude that American history, with all its violence and contingency, has progressed in extraordinary ways regarding race relations." That the Red Summer was a fundamental starter of that progress is the book's surprising and inescapable conclusion.
Red Summer: The Summer of 1919 and the Awakening of Black America OverviewA narrative history of America's deadliest episode of race riots and lynchingsAfter World War I, black Americans fervently hoped for a new epoch of peace, prosperity, and equality. Black soldiers believed their participation in the fight to make the world safe for democracy finally earned them rights they had been promised since the close of the Civil War.Instead, an unprecedented wave of anti-black riots and lynchings swept the country for eight months. From April to November of 1919, the racial unrest rolled across the South into the North and the Midwest, even to the nation's capital. Millions of lives were disrupted, and hundreds of lives were lost. Blacks responded by fighting back with an intensity and determination never seen before. Red Summer is the first narrative history written about this epic encounter. Focusing on the worst riots and lynchings—including those in Chicago, Washington, D.C., Charleston, Omaha and Knoxville—Cameron McWhirter chronicles the mayhem, while also exploring the first stirrings of a civil rights movement that would transform American society forty years later.

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Children's Encyclopedia of American History (Smithsonian) (Smithsonian Institution) Review

Children's Encyclopedia of American History (Smithsonian) (Smithsonian Institution)
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Children's Encyclopedia of American History (Smithsonian) (Smithsonian Institution) ReviewI am a conservative Christian looking for the right history book to homeschool my kids. I read this DK Children's Encyclopedia from beginning to end, and I find it acceptable over all in content presentation. Another reviewer here says the book is too liberal, but I disagree; I think Mr. King clearly strives to present an unbiased view of American History. Now everybody has his own view of history, and a history book is bound to reveal somewhat of the author's bias. However, it is obvious that Mr. King kept his own opinions well under control, making this book excellent read for people of every view point.
For example, in presenting the Reagan administration, Mr. King mentioned the tax cuts, shrinking government, and the prosperity ensued. He mentioned that "The number of homeless people grew at an alarming rate" (p.239) without saying what that rate is, but over all, he did say that Reagan was so popular that even some Democrats voted for him (Reagan Democrats), and many middle class Americans consider the Reagan era the best of times.
In contrast, in describing President Clinton, Mr. King said most of his proposals didn't make it through the legislature, but Clinton remained popular because of the economic boom. Then he described Clinton's scandals in detail, leaving me the impression Clinton didn't do much else. A liberal might consider this presentation not giving Clinton enough credit.
In selecting a children's history book, one must consider what is available out there, and this one is the most balanced I find so far. If you want to see something really liberal, check out The Making Of America by Robert D Johnston. It is published by the National Geographic Society, with a forward by first lady Laura Bush; sounds good, doesn't it? It states that "Columbus, along with many settlers over the three centuries that followed his arrival, committed genocide." (p.14)
I stopped breathing when I read that sentence. I can honestly say that Mr. King never made me stop breathing.
I am a fan of DK; it seems that they strive at excellence in every book they publish, and this history book is no exception. The pictures are exquisite, the explanation concise and to the point, and the overall layout is a work of art. I do have one complaint, though: I disagree with the approach of slapping text right on top of pictures. Consider, for example, pages 74 and 75, where they have the words sitting on top of round white cotton puffs in a dark background. It makes my eyes water trying to read it. The editor actually took the trouble to justify this approach, saying that "The images don't play a bit part to the text's starring role in this book, ... the words and images have been considered together to bring this wealth to the page - and to the eye of the reader." (p.11)
I think this approach is commendable but for the eye's difficulty in discerning text from the image underneath. But overall, I highly recommend this book for grade school history studies. I don't think there is a better one anywhere.
Children's Encyclopedia of American History (Smithsonian) (Smithsonian Institution) Overview

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James Buchanan: The American Presidents Series: The 15th President, 1857-1861 Review

James Buchanan: The American Presidents Series: The 15th President, 1857-1861
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James Buchanan: The American Presidents Series: The 15th President, 1857-1861 ReviewThe author, Jean Baker, wrote on page 1 "After the election of James Madison....no president had ever come to office with more impressive credentials. Nor, to this day, has any matched Buchanan's public positions." Buchanan served in the Pennsylvania state legislature, served in the U.S. House and Senate, was Andrew Jackson's minister to Russia, was secretary of state under James Polk, and was minister to the Court of St. James in the 1850s.
With his background, the question must be asked "why was Buchanan, arguably, our worst president?" The author states "This book seeks to suggest some of the reasons for Buchanan's failure and specifically to explain the gap between Buchanan's experience and training before his presidency and his lamentable performance in office.... only in the literal sense did the Civil War begin.... When the Confederates fired on Fort Sumter. It began in Buchanan's administration."
The book outlines Buchanan's political career. While still a Unionist, by the 1830s he was "more and more a states rights man" as he gravitated toward southerners after arriving in Washington and considered New Englanders radical extremists. By the 1840s, he opposed any interference with slavery and by then desperately wanted the presidency. In the Senate he espoused the principle of manifest destiny. As a bachelor he cultivated southern friends many of whom, as president, he included in his cabinet.
Having observed chief executives for more than thirty-five years, when Buchanan took the presidential oath in 1857, he knew more about the American presidency than anyone in the United States. However, the composition of his "cabinet revealed the incoming chief executive as no peacemaker...." Who was ".... surrounded by advisers who agree with him." The author narrates Buchanan's presidency as he moved from one ill-advised solution after another when solving critical problems. He continued his strong pro-southern attitude and acted accordingly. He unethically influenced the court's decision on the Dred Scott case, and seriously mishandled the situation in Kansas. The author notes "By taking the side of the South, Buchanan had split the Democrats, and in the process he had ensured his nightmare: the election of a Republican in 1860...." stating "The destructive effects of the president's policy were immediately apparent in the 1858 fall congressional elections when a disproportionate number of northern Democrats lost...."
The text gives a fascinating account of Buchanan's final year as president. The text notes that in 1857 Buchanan had sent troops into Utah to handle a problem with Brigham Young and the Mormons; yet when the secession crisis developed, and the Fort Sumter confrontation developed, he failed to respond firmly in like manner thereby encouraging secession. Amazingly his southern cabinet members and political associates treasonably passed critical government plans and information to the seceding state governments. Interestingly, the author notes "Buchanan's failing during the crisis over the Union was not inactivity, but rather his partiality for the south, a favoritism that bordered on disloyalty in an officer pledged to defend all the United States...." and continues "He was that most dangerous of chief executives, a stubborn, mistaken ideologue whose principles held no room for compromise."
The last chapter addresses the question why did such an experienced and intelligent politician failed so miserably as president of the United States? The text states "The answer speaks to one of the palpable characteristics of failed presidencies-the arrogant, wrongheaded, uncompromising use of power...."; and continues "His presidency did not suffer from feebleness or insufficient power or administration by a senile sixty-eight old. But the problem that he used the power with such partiality for the South." The author concludes "Ultimately Buchanan failed to interpret the United States."
The reader may ask why study a failed presidency. Such study is important for guidance it provides to future national leaders. In the words of George Santayana "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." The country can ill-afford another Buchanan type presidency.
Reading Buchanan's biography brings to mind the Peter Principle theory originated by Dr. Laurence J. Peter in 1969 regarding an individual being advanced to his level of incompetence. Clearly, Buchanan had a good resume; but when he advanced to a position where compromise, teamwork and leadership were paramount, he had reached his level of incompetence.
This should be a "must read" for those interested in the political/governmental aspects of the Civil War.
James Buchanan: The American Presidents Series: The 15th President, 1857-1861 OverviewA provocative reconsideration of a presidency on the brink of Civil WarAlmost no president was as well trained and well prepared for the office as James Buchanan. He had served in the Pennsylvania state legislature, the U.S. House, and the U.S. Senate; he was Secretary of State and was even offered a seat on the Supreme Court. And yet, by every measure except his own, James Buchanan was a miserable failure as president, leaving office in disgrace. Virtually all of his intentions were thwarted by his own inability to compromise: he had been unable to resolve issues of slavery, caused his party to split-thereby ensuring the election of the first Republican president, Abraham Lincoln-and made the Civil War all but inevitable. Historian Jean H. Baker explains that we have rightly placed Buchanan at the end of the presidential rankings, but his poor presidency should not be an excuse to forget him. To study Buchanan is to consider the implications of weak leadership in a time of national crisis. Elegantly written, Baker's volume offers a balanced look at a crucial moment in our nation's history and explores a man who, when given the opportunity, failed to rise to the challenge.

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The Legend of John Wilkes Booth: Myth, Memory, and a Mummy (Culture America) Review

The Legend of John Wilkes Booth: Myth, Memory, and a Mummy (Culture America)
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The Legend of John Wilkes Booth: Myth, Memory, and a Mummy (Culture America) ReviewI bought this book because of its intriguing cover and title and because I have a fascination, like a lot of readers, with John Wilkes Booth, Lincoln's assassin. C. Wyatt Evans' work started out a lot different than the fun, mass audience-oriented book I expected. It reads like the over-analytical, pedantic works my professors forced me to read in grad school. Evans analyzes the long-running myth (both regional and national) that Booth was not fatally shot in a barn by Sergeant Boston Corbett's nervous trigger finger as government authorities claimed but had escaped and lived out his life in various ways depending on the storyteller. The suicide death of painter and drifter David George in 1903 in Enid, Oklahoma propelled the myth. George supposedly claimed he was Booth and his embalmed remains were put on display at various carnivals and exhibits for years. Evans' introduction is extremely pedantic to the point that I had to read very carefully and slowly (and sometimes several times) to follow along. A sample sentence: "Vernacular, counter, marginal, and associated terms serve as keywords in a cultural critical lexicon that employs them in a positive sense to connote the struggle of marginalized groups to preserve their identities in the face of the dominant group's rendition of the past" (p. 15). Much of the introduction reads this way and if it continued as such, I may have given up. Fortunately, Evans drops a lot of the intellectual buzz words and the rest of the book reads more smoothly. The following briefly describes the content per chapter:
Chapter 1 takes a look at the David George story; why he was thought by some to be Booth and how his corpse ended up an attraction. In addition, Evans considers the history of Enid, OK including its famous land "runs." Chapter 2 explores the history of mummy exhibition in the United States and how the "Booth" mummy fits, for example, "Booth" represented the popular (curiosity of the notorious and horrific) and traditional (celebrated dignity) models of mummy displays. (p. 55). In chapter 3, Evans explains the northern origins of the Booth legend with a history of the assassination and press coverage. Chapter 4 shifts to the south and how many southerners regarded the assassination (relief, feigned mourning) and the legend of Booth's escape (a symbol of "white southern unreconstructedness").
Finis Langdon Bates' 1907 book Escape and Suicide of John Wilkes Booth is analyzed in chapter 5. Bates' attempt to document Booth's escape implicated VP Andrew Johnson but was done in a way to appease both North and South ("Booth" expressing regret for his deed). In chapter 6, the legend becomes a national phenomenon. The legend represented pre-modern views which clashed with the current times. He considers Lincoln's transition to national icon (p. 156), as well as Otto Eisenschiml and Izola Forrester's (who claimed to be Booth's granddaughter) contribution to the legend. Clarence True Wilson's historical and religious interpretation of the legend is examined in chapter 7. Wilson, a classic minister of reform who worshipped Lincoln, saw Booth's survival and sad existence as moral retribution for his act. Chapter 8 deals with the legend in contemporary America with the recent work Dark Union (2003) and 1977's book and film The Lincoln Conspiracy. In his conclusion, Evans states that "the legend's great lesson to the present is how subgroups in American culture appropriate deeply symbolic events for harmful purposes" (p. 218).
As a history of the myth of Booth's escape, Evans' book is thorough, insightful and extremely well researched. I think he over-analyzes the legend, however. Sure, many people through history have considered the possibility of Booth's escape and designated meaning to it. It is a curiosity and, back in the day, a political incendiary. A famous actor killing and president during a bloody war between the states with suspicious government reaction, how can this not make for intrigue and conspiracy theories? Evans makes a lot out of this legend to put forth American cultural meaning, but it seems to me that the people most obsessed with the issue are the ones hoping to profit from it either through books or by exhibiting a mummy claimed to be Booth. It is an interesting story, of course, without the analytical stuff. I'm just not convinced it is much more than an intriguing footnote to history.The Legend of John Wilkes Booth: Myth, Memory, and a Mummy (Culture America) OverviewA deformed thumb, a neck scar from a stage accident, and a broken left leg, the result of a dramatic leap. These were the telltale markings that for decades identified a sideshow attraction as the supposed body of John Wilkes Booth. They persuaded onlookers that Lincoln's assassin was not killed in 1865 but survived the assault on Garrett's barn to live on as a fugitive for thirty years afterwards. As Wyatt Evans shows, some popular stories, no matter how weird and improbable, simply refuse to die. Evans recounts how a mummified corpse came to embody the romantic image of the assassin and the legend of his survival. He traces the legend's development in the weeks following the assassination to the appearance of the "Booth Mummy," the remains of an Oklahoma drifter embalmed in 1903 and displayed in carnival sideshows throughout the West. He assesses the political and ideological motivations in both Southern and Northern cultures that made proliferation of the legend possible as well as profitable. He concludes by examining the legend's persistence in present-day America, the mummy's ironic fate, and the recent efforts to exhume Booth's real remains.Weaving a "vernacular intellectual history," Evans shows how the legend emerged from a tangle of cultural and historical events including white Americans' quest for a suitable racial pre-history, collective memories of the Civil War, and even incipient suspicions of conspiracy, since belief in Booth's escape automatically implied a government cover-up of Booth's capture and death. More than a sop to Confederate diehards for whom Booth's escape symbolized Southern vindication, the legend exemplified Americans' inability and unwillingness to enact closure over the tragedy of Lincoln's death.The Legend of John Wilkes Booth is a compelling story of how collective memories and popular histories collide with, clash, and sometimes overcome mainstream accounts of the past. It offers an alternate venue for studying the workings of Civil War memory in American culture and demonstrates how (and why) culture produced at the grassroots level can challenge the official version of events. Through his meticulous account, Evans sheds new light on our complex attitudes toward heroes and villains, our need to mythologize tragedies, and our unwillingness to let go of myths, however absurd.This book is part of the CultureAmerica series.

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The New York Times:The Complete Front Pages 1851-2009 Updated Edition Review

The New York Times:The Complete Front Pages 1851-2009 Updated Edition
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The New York Times:The Complete Front Pages 1851-2009 Updated Edition ReviewDespite the fact that the New York Times is not my favorite paper with its liberal bias, I am also a history buff, and I love old newspapers and magazines. So last Christmas I ran out and bought the 2008 edition. Although enjoyable, it was missing several months (including my daughters birth month of Septmeber 1994, to my disappointment), and trying to read many of the older issues was very difficult.I'm happy to report that the 2009 edition not only includes the missing months, but to my surprise many of the more difficult papers to read have somehow been "cleaned up". I don't know how they did it, but i just compared the Sept 24 1851 paper in the two editions and it's like night and day, much easier to read in the new edition. Also as in the old edition you can easily access the NYT archive to continue reading a front page article or read the articles in the other pages of that newspaper. A very nice feature.If you were disappointed with the 2008 edition, I would recommend getting this revised edition.
The New York Times:The Complete Front Pages 1851-2009 Updated Edition OverviewNew edition of the national blockbuster and New York Times bestseller-with more than a dozen new front pages, including Obama's election and inauguration, his first trip abroad, the financial meltdown, Madoff, and more. One of the most popular gift books of the 2008 holiday season now includes the history-making Obama front pages and so much more. The book and three accompanying DVDs contain new front pages through May 2009. The nearly 55,000 pages in the book and DVDs date back to 1851 and provide the reader an unprecedented opportunity to experience the news as it was being reported. Essays by Jill Abramson, Richard Bernstein, Ethan Bronner, Roger Cohen, Gail Collins, Helene Cooper, Thomas L. Friedman, William Grimes, Caryn James, Gina Kolata, Paul Krugman, David Leonhardt, Steve Lohr, Frank Rich, Carla Anne Robbins, Gene Roberts, William Safire, Serge Schmemann, Sam Tanenhaus, and John Noble Wilford.DVD-ROMs run on a PC (Windows 2000/XP or later) or Mac (OSX 10.4.8 or later) with Adobe 8.0 or later. Free download available on the DVD-Roms."With the publishing of this stunning volume of the most momentous front pages of the past 150 years, accompanied by DVDs with every single Times front page ever published, a sprawling snapshot of human civilization as Americans saw it-is suddenly at our fingertips." -Ted Anthony, The Associated Press "[A] satisfyingly hefty volume'reminding you of how the experience of reading the newspaper is at once public and intimate, of the enduring, essential, all-important power of the printed word." -Francine Prose, O: The Oprah Magazine "Worth buying a coffee table for." -Dwight Garner, The New York Times

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The FBI and American Democracy: A Brief Critical History Review

The FBI and American Democracy: A Brief Critical History
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The FBI and American Democracy: A Brief Critical History ReviewAs an FBI employee with 30 years of service, I can honestly state that Athan Theoharis' book is a fascinating, detailed, and accurate review of the FBI. His understanding of the FBI's filing system and of the FBI's senior management for almost 100 years is remarkable. Although I do not agree with all of Dr. Theoharis' conclusions or analysis of why the FBI has "failed" the American people, his highly critical book on the FBI should be a "must read" by those in the government interested in improving the FBI or by anyone who wants to learn about the FBI in a short, easy to read book.The FBI and American Democracy: A Brief Critical History OverviewFor nearly a century, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has been famous for tracking and apprehending gangsters, kidnappers, spies, and, much more recently, international terrorists. The agency itself has done much to promote its successes, helping to embellish its legendary aura. Athan Theoharis, however, contends that a closer look at the historical record reveals a much less idealized and much more disturbing vision of the FBI. Created in 1908 with a staff of three dozen, the FBI has grown to more than 27,000 agents and support personnel, while its role has shifted dramatically from law enforcement to intelligence operations. Theoharis, America's leading authority on the FBI, assesses the consequences of this shift for democratic politics, showing how the agency's obsession with absolute secrecy has undermined both civil liberties and agency accountability.As Theoharis reveals, FBI history has been marked by operational failures, overrated abilities, and the frequent use of highly suspect means-wiretaps, buggings, break-ins-that challenge the Constitution's guarantee against illegal searches. The agency has also gathered and disseminated derogatory (and often untrue) information in an effort to discredit citizens whose views are seen as "dangerous." Most disturbing, it has drifted toward equating political dissent with genuine subversion, an approach with potentially grave consequences for free and open public discourse.Theoharis also shows that the FBI's vaunted spy-catching prowess has been vastly overrated, from the early days of the "Communist conspiracy" to the more recent Wen Ho Lee and Robert Hanssen fiascos. And he criticizes Hoover's longstanding refusal to admit that organized crime actually existed, perhaps due to his preoccupation with the sex lives of public figures like JFK, Martin Luther King, and Rock Hudson, whose amorous escapades he recorded in his "Do Not File" files. More recently, the notorious incidents at Ruby Ridge, Waco, and Oklahoma City, as well as the 9/11 attacks, have further eroded public confidence in the FBI and tarnished its reputation.Throughout, Theoharis raises serious questions about the extralegal nature of the FBI's activities and its troubling implications for the rule of law in America.

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Eleanor Roosevelt: Transformative First Lady (Modern First Ladies) Review

Eleanor Roosevelt: Transformative First Lady (Modern First Ladies)
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Eleanor Roosevelt: Transformative First Lady (Modern First Ladies) ReviewThis book includes a number of anecdotes and facts that were new to me despite the fact that I'd read much about Eleanor Roosevelt before--and all those details were well integrated into a good overview of her life. What I found especially interesting was the author's insight into Mrs. Roosevelt's attitudes towards what might be regarded as women's issues and women's role in society. She was an active advocate for social reforms without overtly challenging what the author describes as "the ideology of separate spheres" for men and women. In short, this book offers some new perspectives on this much-written-about woman.Eleanor Roosevelt: Transformative First Lady (Modern First Ladies) Overview

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Rutherford B. Hayes: Warrior and President Review

Rutherford B. Hayes: Warrior and President
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Rutherford B. Hayes: Warrior and President ReviewHoogenboom has produced a readable and scholarly look at Rutherford B. Hayes. His research is able and exhaustive and there are few (if any) errors of fact here. It's interesting that he spends much time on Hayes' sometimes neglected civil war career, with interesting results. Hayes emerges as a fairly interesting, if not always sympathetic character and a man who was highly intelligent.
Hoogenboom also illuminates Hayes' happy marriage to Lucy, and the tragedies they endured while losing some of their children. He throws ample light on Hayes as a human being and as a man, as well as a soldier and eventually President.
I recommend this book to anyone with an interest in Antebellum politics, Hayes or America in the late 19th century.Rutherford B. Hayes: Warrior and President Overview

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